Anesthesia and Physiotherapy in Orthopedic Surgery: Enhancing Functional Outcomes

Abstract

Orthopedic surgery plays a pivotal role in the treatment of musculoskeletal conditions, yet achieving optimal functional outcomes requires more than just surgical intervention. Anesthesia and physiotherapy are two crucial components that significantly enhance recovery and long-term functionality following orthopedic procedures. This review explores the synergistic roles of anesthesia and physiotherapy in improving outcomes for orthopedic patients. Anesthesia, through techniques such as general, regional, or local anesthesia, ensures effective pain management during and after surgery, minimizing discomfort and facilitating early mobilization. Physiotherapy, initiated early in the postoperative period, is vital for restoring joint mobility, strength, and overall function, thereby preventing complications such as stiffness, muscle atrophy, and deconditioning. The integration of appropriate anesthetic techniques with targeted physiotherapeutic rehabilitation programs promotes faster recovery, reduces the risk of complications, and contributes to enhanced long-term functional outcomes. This review highlights current evidence on the impact of anesthesia and physiotherapy in orthopedic recovery and emphasizes the importance of a multidisciplinary approach to optimize patient rehabilitation following surgery.