Addressing Burnout in Paramedics: A Systematic Review of Occupational Stress and Support Interventions

Abstract

Burnout among paramedics is a significant concern, given the high-stress nature of their work. This systematic review aims to explore the relationship between occupational stress and burnout in paramedics and to evaluate the effectiveness of support interventions aimed at mitigating these issues. A comprehensive search of multiple databases (PubMed, Scopus, and PsycINFO) was conducted to identify studies published from 2000 to 2024 that investigated burnout, stress, and support systems within paramedic services. The results revealed a strong association between high levels of occupational stress—stemming from shift work, exposure to traumatic events, and organizational factors—and the development of burnout. Additionally, various support interventions, including peer support programs, resilience training, mindfulness practices, and organizational changes, were found to reduce burnout and improve paramedic well-being. However, the evidence on the long-term effectiveness of these interventions remains limited. The findings highlight the need for tailored interventions that address the specific stressors paramedics face, emphasizing a holistic approach to mental health and organizational support. Future research should focus on longitudinal studies to assess the sustained impact of these interventions and explore novel strategies for preventing burnout in this high-risk workforce.