Use of Modern Irrigation Techniques in Agriculture & Its Impact on Food Security in India

Abstract

Water makes possible human, animal and plant life. Life cannot exist and civilization cannot develop without water. Water is an indispensable component in the history of mankind. It is an insufferable input for human life. It is used for diverse purposes like domestic, irrigation, industrial, navigation and hydroelectric power generation. An assured water supply augments agricultural production, creates employment, generates agricultural income and enhances capital formation. Water is an important resource for agricultural development. Irrigation plays an important role in Indian agriculture. The new agricultural technology requires an assured and dependable supply of water as a necessary pre-condition. Irrigation is the process of applying water to the soil, primarily to meet the water needs of growing plants. Water from rivers, reservoirs, lakes, or aquifers is pumped or flows by gravity through pipes, canals, ditches or even natural streams. Applying water to fields enhances the magnitude, quality and reliability of crop production.